Low dose naltrexone, also called LDN, is currently being studied in patients with several types of chronic pain, including migraines, fibromyalgia, and neuropathy. Other chronic pain conditions, certain cancers, and autoimmune-related disorders are also being explored. While research is still ongoing, low dose naltrexone is already being used widely in the United States for a variety of pain-related and autoimmune conditions.
Studies Show Low Dose Naltrexone Is Safe
Current research suggests that low dose naltrexone is a safe and cost-effective treatment option for chronic pain and autoimmunity. It is believed to work in the brain by reducing pro-inflammatory chemicals called cytokines, which can inflame and sensitize tissues throughout the body and contribute to pain.
By helping calm inflammation in the nervous system, low dose naltrexone may reduce pain and improve fatigue, sleep, mood, and overall physical function.
Low Dose Naltrexone vs. High Dose Naltrexone
Low dose naltrexone is very different from the standard 50 mg dose of naltrexone. High dose naltrexone has been FDA approved for many years for the treatment of drug and alcohol dependence. Low dose naltrexone, on the other hand, is considered investigational for chronic pain and autoimmune conditions.
LDN is generic and is often a cost-effective treatment option. Because it is only commercially available in the 50 mg dose, low dose naltrexone must be prepared by a compounding pharmacy.
While higher dose naltrexone has long been associated with addiction treatment, low dose naltrexone is used very differently and is not considered addictive. The quoted cost for compounded LDN is often around $50 per month, though pricing can vary by pharmacy.
Low Dose Naltrexone for Cancer and Other Conditions
Low dose naltrexone has also been studied in cancer-related research for its possible effects on immune function and gene expression. It has also shown potential benefit in certain brain and nervous system disorders, including multiple sclerosis, ALS, and Parkinson’s disease.
This prescription medication is not addictive. However, it should be used with caution in patients who are currently taking opioids, including tramadol. Low dose naltrexone works by blocking opioid receptors throughout the body for several hours. To avoid possible drug interactions, opioid pain medications may need to be discontinued or reduced before starting treatment. This should always be evaluated on an individual basis.
Low Dose Naltrexone Dosage and Treatment Guidance
The starting dose is typically 0.5 mg to 1.0 mg and is gradually increased up to a target dose of 4.0 to 4.5 mg, depending on the patient’s response and treatment plan. In many cases, patients begin with 1.0 mg and increase gradually over time until relief is reached or the maximum dose is achieved.
Some patients take low dose naltrexone at bedtime, while others may do better with a morning dose if sleep disruption occurs. Dosing should always be guided by the prescribing provider.
Naltrexone Side Effects
Side effects of low dose naltrexone are uncommon and are usually mild. Some people report vivid dreams during the first week or two of treatment. Less common side effects may include fatigue, anxiety, and dizziness.
Side effects are much more common at the higher doses used for addiction treatment and are rarely seen with typical low-dose use.
Who Should Use Caution with LDN
People with organ transplants and those taking immunosuppressive medications may need to avoid low dose naltrexone or use it only under close medical supervision. In addition, people with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis should use this medication with caution, as thyroid medication may need to be adjusted in the early stages of treatment.
Compounding Pharmacies
Pharmacy Innovations: (757) 934-0533
Lawrence Pharmacy in Chesapeake, VA: (757) 487-3458
Hague Pharmacy at CHKD: (757) 622-0222